11:43:35 tichure : hey now

11:43:43 Taylor : Hey

11:43:56 tichure : still loading folks in

11:44:01 Taylor : ok

11:44:06 tichure : my laptop is running slow today

11:44:20 tichure : took forever to get the zoom chat to come up

11:44:36 Taylor : Its ok I understand the struggle lol

11:46:50 Taylor : Our annotated works cited is due on Saturday?

11:48:42 tichure : i think so

11:48:58 Taylor : Ok thank you

11:49:17 tichure : but if you get it done early you can submit.  you get a chance to revise either 
way

11:50:19 Taylor : Ok thank you

11:50:28 tichure : Well, Taylor, based on our conversation on Monday, did you have any 
questions about your approach to your multi

11:50:37 tichure : movie in terms of Marxist or historical criticism

11:50:46 tichure : in terms of the information that you would need

11:52:11 Taylor : No I dont have any questions. I thought it was a really interesting discussion 
and it was cool to think about a film’s influence from a historical perspective, not just the story at 
face value

11:52:58 tichure : well one of the things that we discussed was whether or not we were 
supposed to like the main character

11:53:07 tichure : and that leads us to a different question

11:53:13 tichure : are we supposed to like the main female character

11:53:33 Taylor : I think we are supposed to like her

11:53:41 tichure : what makes her likable or relatable

11:54:58 Taylor : She is very kind to the male main character even though he treats her like 
trash. She is a hardworking journalist who has plans to further her education.

11:55:11 Taylor : I dont see why anyone wouldn’t like her

11:55:24 tichure : you think the portrayal of women overall in the movie is positive

11:55:43 tichure : and it doesn’t mean that every woman has to be likable. It’s just means that 
we have a realistic portrayal of the range of women

11:55:56 Taylor : No I think they undermine women several times in the film

11:56:20 tichure : can you give me an example besides the interactions between our main 
characters

11:56:27 tichure : something where we see other women also treated poorly

11:57:07 Taylor : Especially at the interview scene where she goes to the press conference and 

all the male journalists were getting their questions answered before the women
11:58:25 tichure : was she being treated like a journalist

11:58:37 tichure : or was he responding to her differently than he did to the men

11:59:16 tichure : in terms of tone

11:59:20 tichure : in terms of inflection

11:59:31 Taylor : No she was being treated like he wanted to sleep with her. All of the flirting and 
sexual remarks wouldn’t happened to the male journalists.

11:59:34 tichure : in terms of an underlying message

11:59:44 tichure : do you think this is an accurate betrayal of the female experience

11:59:50 Taylor : Women aren’t taken seriously within the media

11:59:55 Taylor : Yes I think so

12:00:02 Ravi : hi professor ihad to fix something on my computer . what are we discussiong 
about

12:00:07 tichure : feminist criticism is a critical perspective that analyzes the work from the 
feminist readers translation

12:00:32 tichure : we are discussing the movie and feminist criticism Ravi. You made it just-in-
time

12:00:35 tichure : hey there Sammy

12:00:47 tichure : Taylor and I were discussing the treatment of women in the movie

12:01:02 tichure : and I asked some questions and she made the point that the main female 
character as a reporter was treated differently from the men

12:01:08 tichure : and I asked

12:01:20 tichure : is the movie an accurate portrayal of the treatment of women

12:01:27 tichure : is the movie an accurate portrayal of the experience of women

12:01:41 tichure : now understand I’m not asking whether or not women would necessarily like 
or dislike it. I’m asking whether or not it is accurate

12:01:48 tichure : and then I brought up feminist criticism

12:01:50 Ravi : I feel that the movie had some truth in terms of women's expierence in 
relationships

12:01:55 tichure : and now you’re all up to speed

12:01:58 Taylor : It is extremely accurate

12:02:11 tichure : feminist criticism is a critical perspective that analyzes the work and translates 
it from the feminist READER/viewer perspective

12:02:22 tichure : like cultural perspective, it answers two basic questions

12:02:32 tichure : the first question is whether or not the feminist agrees that what is portrayed 

HAPPENS

12:02:56 tichure : it’s not whether they really like or dislike that although it can be part of the 
discussion

12:03:08 tichure : it’s simply whether or not they think it’s realistic.

12:03:22 tichure : Understand that when you’re doing either a cultural criticism on androcentric 
criticism or feminist criticism, you are translating the work from an outside viewpoint

12:03:37 tichure : and when people talk about feminist criticism they’re talking about the way 
that the feminist perceives the world and the treatment of women in it

12:03:44 tichure : especially if you’re going to be doing first or second waves

12:03:53 tichure : I’m going to be sending an email out concerning the different waves of 
feminist criticism,

12:03:58 tichure : but essentially there are three waves

12:04:08 tichure : the first wave was around the turn of the 20th century and prior

12:04:16 tichure : this would be women trying to get the vote in this country

12:04:23 tichure : mostly this is women of social power and status.

12:04:27 tichure : This is mostly white women

12:04:33 tichure : and they are trying to establish the right to vote in the United States

12:05:04 tichure : that’s because without the right to vote, in many places they are not given full 
power in marriage relationships by law, and of course they cannot fix or enact any law because 
they don’t have the right to vote

12:05:21 tichure : although you will find that there was a woman congressperson for like South 
Dakota or Montana or something prior to women getting the right to vote in this country

12:05:36 tichure : so at one point, one woman in the entire country had the right to vote

12:05:45 tichure : the second wave, which is the most prominent, occurred in the 1960s

12:06:02 tichure : this way was concerned with equal rights for women concerning education, 
employment, and marriage rights as well as sexual rights

12:06:18 tichure : is coincided with the passage of Roe versus Wade and also the creation of  
easily obtainable birth control

12:06:29 tichure : again, this focused primarily on middle and upper-class white women

12:06:32 tichure : straight women

12:06:43 tichure : they actually intentionally separated themselves from lesbians which they 
called the “lavender menace”

12:06:57 tichure : then there is the third wave that occurred in the 1990s and forward

12:07:20 tichure : that is a much more broadly encompassing wave that is not only concerned 
with the rights for middle and upper class white women, but for the rights of all women and, as a 
result, the rights of all  underrepresented and oppressed peoples

12:07:40 tichure : there is also a fourth wave which is mostly in the same ballpark there I still 
can’t quite figure out what the differences between third and fourth but I’m working on it

12:07:50 tichure : but definitely the fourth wave has a lot of emphasis on LGBT Q plus issues

12:08:11 tichure : because especially the second wave and many in third wave did not consider 
individuals who transitioned from male to female as suffering the same issues as women born 
female

12:08:19 tichure : so now

12:08:43 tichure : your analysis would essentially find various aspects within your movie to 
demonstrate both the good and the bad treatment of women in society that feminists are 
concerned about

12:08:55 tichure : and you would then address the second issue

12:09:00 tichure : and that’s whether or not they like the movie overall

12:09:11 tichure : and whether or not they like the movie overall has a lot to do with whether or 
not they like the editorial or MESSAGE of the movie

12:09:23 tichure : some people then assume that if women are treated badly in a movie, that 
feminists would not like it

12:09:28 tichure : but actually it’s a bit more nuanced

12:09:41 tichure : and again this is the same overall theory that applies to feminist criticism, 
androcentric criticism, and all cultural criticisms

12:09:56 tichure : in order for people to understand the plight of the oppressed, the story must 
be told as to how they are treated in order for change to be done

12:10:11 tichure : whether or not the feminist is going to like a movie that shows the oppression 
of women is gonna be based on a simple factor

12:10:32 tichure : if the oppression of women is intended to show that the  of depression is 
wrong, feminists will like the movie

12:10:44 tichure : if the oppressed woman is likable and the oppressor is unlikable, feminists will 
like the movie

12:10:58 tichure : if the oppression is redressed or fixed or even avenged, feminists will like the 
movie

12:11:00 tichure : however

12:11:23 tichure : if oppression of women, especially exploitation sexually, is done for simple 
comedy or further prurient interest of a largely male audience, they will not like the movie

12:11:53 tichure : one of the aspects of 2nd wave feminism was the end the emphasis of the 
sexualization of the female figure, as women felt that their lack of respect in the workplace and 
in education was based on the notion that they were seen as sexual objects.

12:12:19 tichure : Third wave feminism flip that around and said “if you got it, use it” in the same 
way that we would encourage a 7 1/2 foot tall man to utilize his height and his skills in order to 
make money at sports if he had the coordination

12:12:29 tichure : or that we would encourage any person to use their brain if they have the 
intellect

12:12:50 tichure : that means secondly feminists do not like sexuality exploited

12:13:00 tichure : the third wave feminists don’t have a problem with it as long as the woman 
has agency

12:13:03 tichure : so

12:13:26 tichure : if we establish that the woman is treated badly by the men around her, are we 
on her side or  are we on the oppressive side

12:13:37 tichure : in other words, do we feel that we are supposed to empathize with her and be 
angry or frustrated

12:13:38 Taylor : We are on her side

12:13:50 tichure : or are we supposed to be with the man, even perhaps wishing we were in 
their place

12:14:00 tichure : and as part of that answer, tailor, then you would give us an example of how 
the director does that

12:14:25 tichure : in what ways does the director portray her as either oppressed and deserving 
of better or perhaps of being in a position of power that we feel she rightfully owns

12:15:25 Taylor : The director makes us feel angry for her when she reveals her pregnancy and 
he seems less than excited about the news. In return, we are overjoyed when she realizes her 
worth and turns him in

12:15:51 tichure : the secondary source material for feminist criticism is not going to be found in 
discussions from the director. You’re not discussing whether the movie was intentionally 
feminist. You’re discussing how the feminist observer is translating the work, whether the 
director intended feminist themes or antifeminist things. And therefore you need information 
from feminist critics concerning the movie. You also use websites and articles written by 
feminists that concerns cinema generally or even the portrayal of women in literature generally 
or even the experience of women in real life generally and use that information to bring it back 
to how feminist would feel about this particular movie

12:16:06 tichure : well in general, we discussed what made the main character unlikable

12:16:15 tichure : besides perhaps empathy for her plight, what makes her generally likable

12:16:36 tichure : and does her appearance have anything to do with it

12:16:47 tichure : in fact, and this is where we get into a bit more subtlety

12:17:15 tichure : is the movie written and portrayed as such that  conventionally attractive 
women are more empathetically portrayed then conventionally unattractive women


12:17:21 Taylor : Her appearance makes her seem nice and sweet, but in a way rebellious. A lot 
of women at the time didn’t have their hair that short or were seen wearing pants often

12:17:44 tichure : or use the experience for women pretty standard across the board, regardless 
as to appearance, including morphology, race, age and such

12:17:59 tichure : what did she say about her own appearance

12:18:05 tichure : what does she think about her own attractiveness

12:18:10 tichure : and does that make a difference

12:18:12 tichure : especially to the feminist

12:18:23 Taylor : She doesn’t think she is that pretty

12:18:35 tichure : what is her response when others tell her that she is

12:18:41 tichure : or conversely or similarly

12:18:48 tichure : was her response when people criticize her appearance

12:19:06 tichure : and of course our main character seems to be vacillating between flattering 
her and criticizing her, depending on his mood and her response to him

12:19:55 Taylor : When someone criticized her appearance she got insecure

12:20:37 tichure : is that realistic

12:20:43 Taylor : very

12:20:48 tichure : in fact, is criticizing a woman for her appearance a power-play

12:20:52 tichure : on the part of men

12:20:56 tichure : and on the part of women

12:21:03 Taylor : Yes for the women

12:21:14 Taylor : She becomes relatable to all the female audience

12:21:22 tichure : so in the overall, do feminists like this movie

12:21:30 Taylor : yes

12:21:40 tichure : in terms of sexuality, do they like her choices

12:21:43 tichure : especially third wave

12:21:48 Taylor : Yes and no

12:21:59 tichure : what is the distinction

12:22:17 Taylor : Yes because she does what she wants with her body, but no because she 
doesn’t stand up for herself enough

12:22:33 tichure : is it realistic for a woman

12:22:35 tichure : or any oppressed person

12:22:36 Taylor : But at the time, women weren’t really outspoken like that

12:22:41 Taylor : Very realistic

12:22:42 tichure : to try to fly under the radar

12:22:48 Taylor : yes

12:22:52 tichure : rather than object to every oppression

12:22:59 tichure : and in fact, is there a danger to standing up for oneself

12:23:05 tichure : when one is a minority

12:23:13 tichure : is there a danger to drawing attention to oneself

12:23:18 tichure : and demanding rights or respect

12:23:36 tichure : what would’ve happened if, during the interview at the airport, she had openly 
made a comment about either his sexual innuendo or the fact that some of her questions were 
simply ignored

12:23:45 tichure : would she have been served by that or would it have actually made the 
situation worse

12:24:09 tichure : again part of feminist criticism and any cultural criticism from that group is a 
sense that the portrayal is a realistic presentation of the experiences and feelings for that 
particular group

12:24:15 Taylor : Made it worse

12:24:23 tichure : and that includes being oppressed, feeling weak, being shut down, being 
harassed, being assaulted,

12:24:33 tichure : as well as more positive things of standing up for oneself, finding a voice, 
being heard, and finding victory

12:24:45 tichure : think about your movie that you’re doing for your paper

12:24:54 tichure : and think about the portrayal of the women in that movie and remember it 
must be within historical context

12:25:08 tichure : the movie were talking about here was made in 1960. This is going to be the 
beginning but it is actually prior to, the real onslaught of second wave feminism

12:25:17 tichure : but if you’re looking for an icon of second wave feminism, our main female 
character is that person

12:25:46 tichure : white, affluent, educated, sexually liberated, not focused on marriage as a 
primary goal, but rather personal satisfaction overall

12:26:40 tichure : if your movie portrays women only as either mothers  (or otherwise service 
people) and bitches (or otherwise hostile and unpleasant) and prostitutes (simply there fore 
sexual pleasure of others)

12:26:53 tichure : and there is no editorial that says any of this is not what women really want, 
feminists do not like the movie

12:27:17 tichure : somebody here is doing the graduate?

12:27:23 tichure : Somebody here is doing cuckoo’s nest?

12:27:43 Ravi : i think logan was doing one of the two

12:27:49 Ravi : idk

12:27:50 tichure : Look at the portrayal of women and the female characters in the story and ask 
yourself or do the research on whether or not feminists like the range of characters (they don’t 
all have to be likable… Just realistic)

12:27:59 Taylor : Im doing cuckoos nest

12:28:05 Sammy : yes I am doing the graduate

12:28:14 Ravi : for pschyo do i look at marion's character and see if feminists like her

12:28:23 tichure : and of course yes atulya

12:28:29 tichure : your movie was made before second wave feminism

12:28:36 tichure : but is your character living her life as she wishes

12:28:42 tichure : is she an independent woman

12:28:48 tichure : is she a sexually liberated woman

12:28:55 tichure : in control of her own sexuality even if the choices that she makes her bad

12:29:11 Ravi : i would say that she is living the life that she wishes

12:29:12 tichure : and is the oppression that is put on her (murder) an accurate portrayal of the 
way that the sexually liberated female would have been treated in the 1940s

12:29:17 Ravi : but still has some regrets

12:29:28 tichure : so even though she is having a long-term sexual affair out of marriage

12:29:32 tichure : and embezzled money

12:29:37 tichure : we still like her

12:29:40 tichure : we still respect her

12:29:46 tichure : except for that whole getting murdered part

12:29:51 tichure : but we would also say

12:29:55 tichure : yeah that happens

12:30:16 tichure : your feminist criticism can be a mixed bag by the way. The feminists may like 
certain aspects of movie and dislike other aspects of the movie

12:30:26 tichure : they may like some female characters and dislike other female characters

12:30:43 tichure : especially a third or fourth wave feminist might have some issues with the 
portrayal of an individual who crossed dresses as being psychotic

12:30:46 tichure : which by the way

12:30:51 tichure : has been a common trope

12:30:57 tichure : in cinema especially horror cinema

12:31:27 tichure : and then of course you have characters in cuckoo’s nest like nurse ratchet 
and the girls who are brought in for Billy’s experience

12:32:01 tichure : and if there is a limited portrayal of women and all of them are negative and 
sit within very limited stereotypes that fit within the male translation of the world then you can 
probably get an idea as to how the feminist is going to respond to that portrayal



12:32:56 tichure : the graduate, similarly, is stepping into around that is certainly far more 
acceptable today (maybe even a fetish of sorts) but at the time was considered scandalous. The 
notion of an older man pursuing a younger woman was standard, but the idea of an older 
married woman pursuing a younger man was definitely more of a third wave approach.

12:33:19 tichure : all three of your movies should have direct feminist analysis

12:33:37 tichure : but also you will find articles and essays written from feminists that discussed 
cinema generally and the  and the portrayal of women

12:33:49 tichure : any questions about feminist criticism, especially concerning your particular 
subject

12:34:29 tichure : okay so last time,  Ravi asked the question about psychological or 
psychoanalytical criticism

12:34:35 tichure : so let’s talk about psychoanalytical criticism.

12:34:50 tichure : From a literary perspective, psychoanalytical criticism has several foci

12:35:07 tichure : but

12:35:25 tichure : lets start with the directors choice

12:35:40 tichure : look at your characters arc

12:35:51 tichure : where the character ends up

12:35:55 tichure : is where the character wanted to be

12:36:18 Ravi : no because marion ended up losing everything she had

12:36:20 tichure : and you have a psychoanalytical argument if the character seems to end up 
in a place that they either specifically did not want to be or is simply different from where they 
wanted to be

12:36:34 tichure : and the argument is, according to Freud, that an individual will always live out 
their subconscious desires

12:36:46 tichure : and what you’re looking for are clues and evidence that the character will lead 
themselves into their own outcome

12:36:52 tichure : especially for characters that end up badly like dead

12:37:05 tichure : so what did Marion do that ensured that she would end up murdered and why 
would she want to be dead

12:37:49 tichure : Sammy, in the graduate, what guaranteed that Mrs. Robinson would lose not 
only her “boyfriend” but also her daughter

12:37:55 tichure : according to Freud, there is no accident

12:38:05 Ravi : ig she went to a hotel to stay for the night. except the owner of the hotel was a 
sketchy dude

12:38:10 tichure : if you miss that important interview because you overslept, you establish the 
elements that made you late

12:38:34 Ravi : she made a decision in rush

12:38:37 tichure : Ravi, before you even get to the hotel, you have to establish that she wants to 
be murdered in the first place.

12:38:49 tichure : Why would she want to be dead. How is Her life going?

12:38:52 Ravi : she dosent want to be murdered

12:38:59 tichure : according to Freud she did

12:39:05 tichure : you have to understand that concept

12:39:20 tichure : psychoanalytical criticism on a character says that that character wound up 
exactly where she wanted subconsciously

12:39:29 tichure : and you have the CLAIM by the character that she wants to end up in point a

12:39:35 Ravi : but then again she internally might realize that if she dies then the police will not 
be tracking her. she was feeling insecure before going to the hotel

12:39:39 tichure : and then you have the REVEAL by the character that she really wanted to be 
at point B

12:39:46 tichure : how does she feel about her relationship with her boyfriend

12:39:50 tichure : how she feels at herself in that relationship

12:39:56 tichure : how does she feel about her job and the way she’s treated by her boss

12:40:04 tichure : how does she feel about the way she was treated by the client who she stole 
money from

12:40:10 tichure : does she want to live

12:40:11 Ravi : that's why i feel that she had this insecuirty

12:40:14 Ravi : internall

12:40:17 tichure : you must understand her age is important.

12:40:37 Ravi : i was going to bring up the coencpt of the American dream but idk if that would 
work in this case

12:40:40 tichure : was her age in the story

12:40:53 tichure : psychoanalytical criticism has nothing to do with the American dream

12:41:17 tichure : it has everything to do with the character being manipulated by the director 
with the idea that the character, despite what they claim, is going to manipulate themselves into 
whatever final situation they find themselves

12:41:43 tichure : if your character is dead by the end of the movie

12:41:48 tichure : or loses whatever they’re trying to attain

12:42:03 tichure : the argument is that if you go back to the movie you will find various decisions 
made by that character that created the ultimate outcome

12:42:12 tichure : and moreover, you will find the motivation for them wanting to have that 
outcome

12:42:23 tichure : Sammy, you are doing the graduate correct

12:42:45 tichure : Ravi, if your character is dead, you need to find the reasons why she is 
profoundly unhappy

12:43:11 tichure : and what you have is an unmarried woman in a dead-end affair (her boyfriend 
is married isn’t he), a dead-end job in which she is sexually harassed

12:43:21 tichure : and according to culture, she is running out of time

12:43:26 tichure : in other words, she is getting too old to be married

12:43:39 tichure : which back at that time, would’ve been any one in their late 20s or later

12:44:09 tichure : the character will make claims, trying to convince everybody else (as well as 
themselves, of some truth that we find out by the end of the movie is NOT true

12:44:15 tichure : because the truth is in the actuality

12:44:21 Ravi : so basically her life is full of chaos . she also struggles because she is afraid 
that she will be looked down upon scoiety

12:44:23 Ravi : society

12:44:25 tichure : where she ends up is where she wanted to be

12:44:30 Ravi : so she feels unhappy in her life

12:44:35 tichure : now you’re on the right track Ravi

12:44:37 tichure : yes

12:44:56 tichure : also, if during the movie she does something she never would have done 
before, Freud would say that that was her way of changing your life toward its inevitable 
conclusion

12:45:02 tichure : does she normally steal from her boss

12:45:07 tichure : does she normally run away

12:45:20 tichure : if the answer is no, this is where Freud would say that she has made the 
decision to alter her life course

12:45:29 Ravi : she dosent? that's why she does it with fear

12:45:34 tichure : to guarantee that she gets out of the right in which she was SURVIVING and 
enter into a new track that will ultimately lead to her demise

12:45:37 Ravi : and insercuity and hopes she dosent get caught

12:45:42 tichure : or maybe

12:45:42 Ravi : internally she is fighting against herself

12:45:45 Ravi : to surive

12:45:47 tichure : there you go

12:45:59 tichure : and the subconscious always wins

12:46:11 tichure : which means for this particular translation, you start at the end of the movie or 
lease the end of that character arc

12:46:15 tichure : and then you work backwards

12:46:20 tichure : you can do the same thing for the Anthony Perkins character

12:46:27 tichure : what happens to him by the end of the movie

12:46:32 tichure : because that’s what he always wanted

12:46:38 tichure : and he is going to make sure that that happens

12:46:44 tichure : both characters draw attention to themselves in unnecessary ways

12:46:53 tichure : both characters are doing things outside of the norm that are likely to gain 
attention

12:47:00 tichure : and to gain police attention

12:47:17 Ravi : i feel that Norman bates and marion are parallel to each other

12:47:27 tichure : your analysis has two basic elements. You establish the CLAIM made by the 
character early on as to what the overtly say they want

12:47:28 Ravi : because both of them have an internal struggle

12:47:38 tichure : absolutely. They’re both in hidden lives

12:47:43 Ravi : but for different situation

12:47:45 Ravi : s

12:47:59 tichure : they are both frustrated by an individual who is older and of the opposite sex

12:48:21 tichure : that is psychoanalytical criticism.

12:48:27 Ravi : marion is afraid of her boss, while bates is frustrated by his mother

12:48:28 tichure : You notice that were not using any particular psychological terms

12:48:42 tichure : you notice that we are not diagnosing the patient

12:48:57 Ravi : yeah i understand what a pschyanlytic analysis is better

12:49:03 tichure : we are looking at the plot of the story and showing how the character give us 
clues that ended up with the REVEAL, which is their ultimate fate

12:49:07 Ravi : so we are analyzing the character without giving any prescriptions

12:49:14 Ravi : or mental illness ourselves

12:49:30 tichure : if you were to say that Norman Bates is suffering from some kind of 
dissociative personality disorder, you’re not doing a literary psychoanalytical criticism. You are 
diagnosing the character the way a psychologist or psychiatrist would, which would be more of a 
cultural criticism

12:49:38 tichure : that is correct Ravi

12:49:55 tichure : but a psychoanalytical criticism is a literary device that talks about storytelling 
and character development

12:50:02 tichure : not psychological labels.

12:50:17 tichure : You can see that psychoanalytical criticism is related to a basic tenet of 
Freud, but were not going to diagnose the patient

12:50:30 tichure : instead, were simply going to accept the fact that where the character is is 
what the character wanted

12:50:36 tichure : and were looking for clues throughout the story.

12:50:38 tichure : Now understand

12:50:45 Ravi : got it

12:50:49 tichure : if your character claims they want to be married by the end of the movie and 
they are married by the end of the movie, you do not have a psychoanalytical argument

12:50:52 tichure : because there is no reveal

12:51:00 tichure : there’s no evidence that the person is lying to themselves or others

12:51:20 tichure : you have to have a character that claims and makes attempts to go in one 
direction and ends up in some other place for a psychoanalytical criticism. There has to be 
some kind of reveal

12:51:38 tichure : very often, directors are doing this on purpose. Hitchcock was very fond of 
Freudian psychology

12:51:52 tichure : use a lot of Freudian imagery and standard Freudian tropes, especially 
concerning sexuality and violence in his work

12:52:15 tichure : and you may find some of the overviews of Hitchcock’s work overall that you 
will see discussions of his manipulation of characters in a very standard psychological way, 
which would’ve been very popular and very common during the 1940s and 50s

12:52:46 Ravi : if the story was taken from Norman bates perspective would he be considered 
as a good guy and justified for his actions

12:52:50 Ravi : just asking

12:53:44 tichure : does he consider himself a good guy or does he know he’s doing wrong

12:53:57 tichure : does he realize that he is both helpless to stop himself at the same time 
knows that he should be stopped

12:54:07 tichure : I’m talking in the subconscious

12:54:15 tichure : on the conscious level he may say that he’s just doing what needs to be done

12:54:21 tichure : but he’s caught and arrested by the end of story

12:54:25 tichure : which means he wanted to be caught and arrested

12:54:28 tichure : he wanted to be stopped

12:54:35 tichure : and course we know that because we hear him in an argument with his 
mother

12:54:41 tichure : which is obviously an argument between himself and himself

12:54:49 tichure : \ she’s a nice girl mother

12:55:08 tichure : look at breathless

12:55:17 tichure : what happens to the main character, the main male character by the of the 
story

12:55:19 Ravi : AH THAT MAKES SENSE . he could have found a wayto escape but he wanted 
to be arrested subscoally cause if he knew that if he wasn't stopped then we would continue his 
behavior

12:55:33 tichure : there you go Ravi very good

12:55:47 tichure : and so you go about showing us what he did to guarantee that the police 
would show up and stop him

12:55:54 tichure : that they would discover what his secret was

12:55:59 tichure : any “accident”

12:56:02 tichure : or misstep

12:56:07 tichure : or slip up

12:56:12 tichure : is the subconscious revealing itself

12:56:34 tichure : in breathless, what did Michael do to guarantee that he would be dead by the 
end of the movie

12:56:51 tichure : and why would he want to be dead

12:57:10 tichure : how does he feel about himself

12:57:17 tichure : despite what he tries to tell himself and despite what he tells others

12:57:36 tichure : does he really like himself

12:57:49 tichure : has he chose a lifestyle that guarantees his demise

12:58:07 tichure : these are the type of questions that you ask, especially in a story in which the 
main character ultimately fails or dies by the and of the movie

12:58:23 tichure : psychoanalytical criticism is very often used in literature and film

12:58:42 tichure : and the translation really comes from going back through the movie or the 
story and seeing where we started to get clues that that ending was inevitable

12:58:47 Ravi : he dosent feel happy for his actions at the end. in the beg of the story we see 
him thinking that being a cirminal would be suffiecent for survival

12:58:56 tichure : and that the character actually put themselves in that position

12:59:11 tichure : but you’ll notice that he wants to fashion himself after the American gangster

12:59:15 tichure : which of course especially in movies

12:59:29 tichure : because back in the 1940s you cannot have characters commit crimes and 
get away  with those crimes

12:59:41 tichure : that meant the character was usually dead by the end of the story

12:59:52 tichure : when Bogart was acting as a criminal, he was dead by the end of the movie

13:00:12 tichure : if Michael wants to be Bogart, and he wants that criminal Bogart,

13:00:16 tichure : it’s a suicide mission


13:00:23 Ravi : nowdays in cinema even if the good guy is a cimrinal he still wins.

13:00:27 tichure : and his behavior escalates during the course of the movie in order to draw 
attention to himself.

13:00:28 Ravi : ery different cinema

13:00:34 tichure : Because it’s running counter to what was standard in the movies

13:00:41 tichure : because authors know this well enough that they’re switching it around

13:00:44 tichure : in order to create interest

13:01:00 tichure : in the same way that we now have women, instead of being the damsel in 
distress, being the kick ass hero

13:01:20 tichure : but we will tire of that trope as well and find something else once it gets used 
too much

13:01:24 tichure : any questions.

13:01:28 tichure : About your annotated works cited

13:01:33 tichure : about the way these apply to your movie

13:01:51 Ravi : also today at 7 will there be a meeting for the research paper

13:01:53 tichure : next Monday we can either discuss the next  movie

13:01:56 tichure : or discuss your paper

13:02:00 tichure : yes seven tonight

13:02:12 tichure : because you should be working on the first draft by next week

13:03:15 tichure : but watch the next move in the list.

13:03:24 tichure : And we will talk about your paper next week.

13:03:36 tichure : Have a great week Ravi

13:03:43 Ravi : alright i think ill come tonight for

13:03:48 tichure : sounds good

13:03:48 Ravi : research paper help

13:03:50 tichure : see you then

13:03:53 tichure : fantastic

13:03:55 Ravi : see ya

13:03:57 tichure : take care