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13:21:37 tichure : Hey there Ranin… hows the paper coming along

13:22:03 tichure : an questions about you resources or the crits you want to apply

13:23:19 Ranin : Hi! and good I need to edit it now, paper 1 

13:23:40 Ranin : I do have a question on cultural criticism 

13:24:10 tichure : please go ahead

13:25:03 Ranin : so far I did historical, Marxist. one of the 2 I'm looking to add is cultural, can I do that if I did historical? 

13:25:18 Ranin : I'm doing Dear Mama

13:26:23 tichure : in short, yes

13:26:30 tichure : which culture

13:26:35 Ranin : Also, for cultural do I talk about the African American culture and how it 
influenced its people

13:26:38 tichure : Cultural criticism is not a description of the culture

13:26:44 tichure : no that’s not cultural criticism

13:26:55 tichure : cultural criticism is a discussion as to how a specific culture that you 
identify would translate the work

13:27:05 tichure : if you were to translate this from African-American culture, that is too 
broad

13:27:13 tichure : because there are African-Americans who are raised in the 
environment described here

13:27:21 tichure : and those who were not raised in that environment and do not share 
the same beliefs as the speaker

13:27:43 tichure : cultural criticism is going to force you to narrow down that cultural 
viewpoint in order to discuss whether or not they agree with the claim made in the song 
that the woman who is described is a good mother

13:27:48 tichure : and this has to do with religious belief

13:27:54 tichure : socioeconomic status

13:27:56 tichure : etc.

13:28:34 tichure : so if you were to translate this from a middle-class conservatively 
religious African-American culture, are they going to agree that a woman who has sex 
and children out of wedlock with different men, suffers from a drug problem, and raises 
a convicted felon as a child is a good mother?

13:28:51 tichure : Because they do not live in the world that the narrator is exploring and 
explaining

13:29:00 Ranin : true no

13:29:15 tichure : if you’re simply going to explain the realities of living in the world that 
is described in the song, that is not cultural criticism. That description of the cultural 
experience is historical criticism

13:29:45 tichure : statistical information that identifies the rates of poverty and drug use 
and incarceration and single parenthood is historical criticism.

13:29:55 tichure : Cultural criticism is an OPINION expressed about the work by the 
culture that you’ve identified

13:30:09 tichure : and you use their belief systems as expressed by them to then 
extrapolate how they would feel about what the song claims

13:30:12 tichure : do you see the difference

13:30:20 Ranin : So can I talk about low class-single African American mothers

13:30:28 tichure : that is a culture

13:30:33 tichure : would respond to the song

13:31:04 tichure : somebody who was raised in poverty understands the necessity for 
doing things in order to survive, including breaking the law

13:31:19 tichure : certainly they have a different viewpoint on survival compared to 
those who have not experienced that kind of desperation

13:31:39 Ranin : and I would find research to support it? like people who have dealt with 
a similar life 

13:31:41 tichure : were also that you are required to have an analysis that it 
DISAGREES with the editorial of the song

13:31:43 tichure : that is correct

13:32:13 tichure : and therefore you would likely find a culture that is to be 
fundamentally different from that of the culture described in the song in order to show 
how they would disagree with what the song claims

13:32:18 Ranin : would that be one of the 4 perspectives?

13:32:33 tichure : can you think of a group, identified either by culture, religion or 
occupation that would say that the woman here is actually a bad mother

13:32:35 tichure : that is correct

13:33:17 tichure : that is why I don’t allow people to do a cultural criticism from 
impoverished African-Americans and Marxist criticism on the first paper. Those two 
translations are actually quite similar although they use different secondary sources. 
The Marxist criticism uses resources concerning the author’s opinions. The cultural 
criticism uses resources that express the opinions of an entire group of people, not the 
author

13:33:18 Ranin : umm like a middle class white woman

13:33:38 tichure : but on the final paper, yes you can do both the cultural response from 
people who live in that environment, who are likely going to largely agree with what the 
author says, and a Marxist criticism which is explaining exactly what the author says

13:33:46 tichure : more specific than that

13:33:57 tichure : many women would understand the experience of being abandoned 
by the man who fathered their children

13:34:15 tichure : you’re looking for a cultural identity that has clear and defined rules 
that are easy for you to find

13:34:21 tichure : that’s why I encourage people to choose religions

13:34:28 tichure : because they clarify their points

13:34:31 tichure : as to what is okay and not okay

13:35:01 tichure : think of a particular job in which people who perform that job have to 
deal with the results of the lifestyle that is described here

13:35:10 tichure : and they see the damage that results from this particular lifestyle

13:35:26 tichure : and their job is to address it on behalf of society

13:36:00 tichure : so for your example, you would choose middle-class white women 
who believe… What

13:36:26 tichure : and when you narrow it down a bit more, you will have a clear idea as 
to what they think about drug use, drug sales, extramarital sex, raising children with only 
one parent, welfare etc.

13:36:39 tichure : political parties are also good for this

13:36:49 tichure : Republicans have a very clear view on all of these issues

13:36:52 tichure : as do Democrats.

13:36:56 tichure : As do libertarians

13:36:59 tichure : and they’re all different

13:37:21 tichure : and by honing in on the specific cultural viewpoint, it makes it EASIER 
to find the material you need and of course it makes it a lot easier to identify what they 
would think about the issues

13:37:42 tichure : and of course the purpose is for you to write a cohesive, logical paper. 
The more specific you are in your choice of culture, frankly, the easier it is to write the 
essay

13:37:47 tichure : because you have fewer gray areas

13:38:08 tichure : for example, can you think of a group that might look at this 
description and say this woman needs to be put in jail and her children need to be taken 
away from her

13:39:39 Ranin : Tupac was Muslim so I'm going to find a religion that would disagree 
with his acts

13:40:04 tichure : nothing he talks about is anything to do with his religion. Nothing that 
he does fits within a religious context. He never mentions religion in the song

13:40:10 tichure : cultural criticism does not take into account who the actual person 
was

13:40:15 tichure : cultural criticism does not know who the actual person was

13:40:23 Ranin : Yeah I'm a bit confused 

13:40:25 tichure : they would not even recognize that this is autobiographical

13:40:43 tichure : instead, you’re looking for information as to what the particular culture 
believes about the ISSUES that are brought up in the song

13:40:45 tichure : in fact,

13:40:52 tichure : what do conservative Muslims think about women having sex outside 
of marriage?

13:41:07 tichure : what do conservative Muslims think about drug use

13:41:15 Ranin : against it

13:41:51 tichure : what do conservative Muslims think about  drug sales

13:42:00 tichure : what do conservative Muslims think about people who break state 
laws

13:42:15 tichure : what do conservative Muslims think about women who leave their 
children alone unattended

13:42:19 Ranin : They think it is a foul act 

13:42:32 tichure : so from a conservative Muslim cultural perspective, do they agree or 
disagree with the song

13:42:38 Ranin : disagree

13:42:44 tichure : what would you use as resources

13:43:10 tichure : you’re not likely to find an essay written from a conservative Muslim 
perspective about the song specifically

13:43:23 tichure : but you will find essays and articles and presentations from the 
conservative Muslim perspective about the ISSUES that are in the song

13:43:34 tichure : and you use that information to then tell us what they would think 
about whether they agree or disagree with what the song says

13:43:39 tichure : they are not going to discuss the author

13:43:53 tichure : they are not going to discuss this guy because they don’t care about 
this guy and they don’t know who the author is or why he wrote this

13:44:15 tichure : they are simply looking at the document, the song itself, that makes a 
claim. The claim is that the woman described is a good mother. You then use their belief 
system to say either they agree or disagree

13:44:18 Ranin : this would all fall under a cultural perspective 

13:44:23 tichure : and your resources are going to be material from conservative Muslim 
websites

13:44:28 tichure : and of course the Koran itself

13:44:30 tichure : yes

13:44:42 tichure : if you were to choose a conservative Christian perspective, you would 
use conservative Christian websites and the Bible

13:44:51 tichure : and of course it would likely be the same response to the song of the 
conservative Muslim has

13:45:02 tichure : not really a big surprise since both groups stemmed from the same 
cultural milieu

13:45:19 tichure : and their stances on sex and drugs and other behaviors are pretty 
much the same across the board

13:45:32 Ranin : wouldn't this also be a perspective where I'm disagreeing with the 
song 

13:45:32 tichure : they probably would agree that one should have respect for one’s 
parents

13:45:51 tichure : so they may like the notion that this guy respects his mother, but they 
may also have a problem with the lack of respect for the father

13:45:53 tichure : yes

13:45:59 tichure : and you can find cultures that would completely agree with the work

13:46:08 tichure : for example,\

13:46:50 tichure : while Republicans would largely disagree with this because they not 
only have a problem with illegal drug use and sales, and parents who raise felons, they 
also do not agree that women should be raising children without a father and they also, 
depending on how conservative that Republican is, have religious objections to the 
mother having sex and children outside of marriage

13:47:21 tichure : libertarians, on the other hand, do not think that we should provide for 
people who cannot provide for themselves. They are against both public schools and 
welfare

13:47:32 tichure : the Republican is also generally against welfare by the way

13:47:45 tichure : but the libertarian does not believe there should be laws against 
drugs either

13:48:04 tichure : which means they would not have a problem with this guy selling 
drugs in order to survive. They would rather that he sold drugs then take welfare

13:48:42 tichure : whatever culture you decide to translate this from, you have to keep 
in mind that you are focusing on the issues

13:48:44 tichure : not the guy

13:48:50 tichure : because no cultural criticism discusses the author personally

13:48:57 tichure : it discusses whether or not they like the song

13:49:02 tichure : and the claims made in the song

13:49:05 tichure : does that make sense

13:49:30 tichure : you can have a cultural translation in one paragraph that fully 
disagrees with the song

13:49:38 tichure : you can have a different cultural translation in a different paragraph 
that agrees with the song

13:49:49 Ranin : okay yes it does

13:49:53 tichure : which means, going back to your first example, you could choose two 
different African-American groups as two different cultural translations

13:50:09 tichure : the difference would be is that one African-American group, raised in 
poverty, living the life that is described here, might completely understand and be okay 
with what the narrator says

13:50:27 Ranin : But it would still be counted as 1 or 2 perspectives? Because I know 
we need 4 and I have 2 already

13:50:30 tichure : and you would find another African-American group, raised in a very 
strongly conservative religious environment, one that does not live in that urban 
environment, that would completely disagree with much of what is said



13:50:56 tichure : each cultural perspective is a different translation

13:51:01 tichure : because you’re coming from a different cultural viewpoint

13:51:12 tichure : theoretically, your paper could be four different cultural translations

13:51:21 tichure : as long as they are all different, they are all separate translations

13:51:35 tichure : so yes, your two remaining critical perspectives could both be cultural 
perspectives

13:51:40 tichure : the police are a culture

13:51:42 Ranin : ohhhh ok

13:51:53 tichure : Department of Social Services as a culture

13:52:04 tichure : gangs are a culture

13:52:12 tichure : criminals or culture

13:52:15 tichure : criminals are a culture

13:52:33 tichure : a culture is simply defined as a group of individuals who are United 
under a BELIEF system

13:52:48 tichure : you identify the culture

13:52:54 tichure : you find what THEY think about these issues

13:53:03 tichure : and then you translate the work using those beliefs as the guidelines

13:53:13 tichure : if you cannot find the material about what the group believes, don’t 
use that culture as an analysis

13:53:23 tichure : do you see how that works

13:54:01 tichure : by the way, there is a culture of hip-hop artists who speak specifically 
about this song and its impact on how they feel about themselves and how they feel 
about the authors message

13:54:32 Ranin : yes I'm slowly but surely getting it now lol

13:54:39 tichure : one of the translations will be in opposition to the point made by the 
song, but you can choose a culture that would completely or at least partially agree with 
the song As well

13:55:57 tichure : but just to clarify the point, a white kid that is raised in poverty by a 
single mother and who drops out of school and resorts to crime in order to survive in an 
environment that offers few options for survival has more in common with the narrator 
of the song than an upper-middle-class African-American who is a conservative Muslim or Christian


13:56:56 tichure : so start either with the notion you’re going to find a culture that agrees 
with the song or a culture that disagrees with the song and try to find resources from 
that group that talk about the issues depicted here in the song and you will have the 
material you need for a cultural perspective

13:57:12 tichure : do them one at a time so that you are focused on either being critical 
of the song or being supportive of the song in that cultural translation

13:58:03 Ranin : Okay, thank you professor

13:58:23 tichure : you got it. Once you start doing some research, and you have landed 
on the cultural identity, we can then talk about it in order to help you clarify your points

13:58:31 tichure : so do some research.

13:58:45 tichure : Obviously, you can run with some of the ideas in terms of culture that 
we’ve talked about here or you may come up with some on your own

13:59:10 tichure : but the real litmus test is whether or not you can find information 
about that group’s beliefs on those particular issues. Gang members don’t necessarily 
do a whole lot of writing or setting up websites that explain their viewpoints.

13:59:23 tichure : Religions and political groups are very commonly presenting their 
opinions for everyone else to see, which makes them good choices

13:59:41 tichure : but if you get into Ebscohost, there are essays and articles written by 
and about all kinds of cultural groups that would be helpful here

14:00:00 tichure : so check it out and then we can have a conversation about what you 
found and how we can make that into your next arguments.

14:00:18 tichure : Anything else I can help you with?

14:00:41 Ranin : sounds good, and nope that's it thank you 

14:00:53 tichure : Excellent. Have a lovely day and will talk again

14:01:03 tichure : Poof